Effects of movement velocity and training frequency of resistance exercise on functional performance in older adults: a randomised controlled trial

Darren L. Richardson*, Michael J. Duncan, Alfonso Jimenez, Paul M. Juris, Neil D. Clarke

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    33 Citations (SciVal)

    Abstract

    Objectives: To investigate the effects that high-velocity, low-load (HVLL) and low-velocity, high-load (LVHL) resistance exercise, performed once or twice-weekly, have on indices of functional performance (primary outcome), maximal strength, and body composition (secondary outcomes) in older adults. Methods: In a randomised, controlled, multi-armed, parallel design, 54 moderately-highly active, but resistance exercise naïve older adults (aged 60–79 years), attended baseline and post-10-week intervention assessment sessions. Physical and functional assessments were completed, and predicted one-repetition maximums (1-RM) were obtained for eight exercises. Participants were then randomised into one of five conditions: HVLL once-weekly (HVLL1: n = 11) or twice-weekly (HVLL2: n = 11), LVHL once-weekly (LVHL1: n = 10) or twice-weekly (LVHL2: n = 11), no-exercise control condition (CON: n = 11). The HVLL conditions completed 3 sets of 14 repetitions at 40% 1-RM and the LVHL conditions, 3 sets of 7 repetitions at 80% 1-RM. In total, 50 participants completed all testing and were included in analyses. Results: Only LVHL2 improved 30-sec chair stand performance (p =.035; g = 0.89), arm curls (p =.011; g = 1.65) and grip-strength (p =.015; g = 0.34) compared to CON. LVHL2 improved maximal strength compared to CON for 7/8 exercises (p
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)234-246
    Number of pages13
    JournalEuropean Journal of Sport Science
    Volume19
    Issue number2
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished (VoR) - 7 Feb 2019

    Funding

    This research was funded by Cybex International as part of a funded PhD.

    FundersFunder number
    Cybex International

      Keywords

      • ageing
      • exercise interventions
      • muscle strength
      • power training
      • strength training

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