Global mortality from firearms, 1990-2016

Devina Nand, Mohsen Naghavi*, Laurie B. Marczak, Michael Kutz, Katya Anne Shackelford, Megha Arora, Molly Miller-Petrie, Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour, Nadia Akseer, Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi, Khurshid Alam, Suliman A. Alghnam, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Olatunde Aremu, Amit Arora, Mohsen Asadi-Lari, Reza Assadi, Tesfay Mehari Atey, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Ashish AwasthiBeatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, Masoud Behzadifar, Meysam Behzadifar, James R. Bennett, Ashish Bhalla, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Arebu Issa Bilal, Guilherme Borges, Rohan Borschmann, Alexandra Brazinova, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Félix Carvalho, Carlos A. Castañeda-Orjuela, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Paul I. Dargan, Diego De Leo, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Eric L. Ding, Huyen Phuc Do, David Teye Doku, Kerrie E. Doyle, Tim Robert Driscoll, Dumessa Edessa, Ziad El-Khatib, Aman Yesuf Endries, Alireza Esteghamati, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Valery L. Feigin, Florian Fischer, Kyle J. Foreman, Richard Charles Franklin, Nancy Fullman, Neal D. Futran, Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot, Reyna Alma Gutiérrez, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Hassan Haghparast Bidgoli, Gessessew Bugssa Hailu, Josep Maria Haro, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Caitlin Hawley, Delia Hendrie, Martha Híjar, Guoqing Hu, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Spencer L. James, Sudha Jayaraman, Jost B. Jonas, Amaha Kahsay, Amir Kasaeian, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Yousef Khader, Ibrahim A. Khalil, Young Ho Khang, Jagdish Khubchandani, Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri, Christian Kieling, Yun Jin Kim, Soewarta Kosen, Kristopher J. Krohn, G. Anil Kumar, Faris Hasan Lami, Van C. Lansingh, Heidi Jane Larson, Shai Linn, Raimundas Lunevicius, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Amanda J. Mason-Jones, Richard Matzopoulos, Peter T.N. Memiah, Walter Mendoza, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Haftay Berhane Mezgebe, Ted R. Miller, Shafiu Mohammed, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Rintaro Mori, Devina Nand, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Quyen Le Nguyen, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Andrew T. Olagunju, George C. Patton, Michael R. Phillips, Suzanne Polinder, Farshad Pourmalek, Mostafa Qorbani, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mahfuzar Rahman, Rajesh Kumar Rai, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Mahdi Safdarian, Saeid Safiri, Rajesh Sagar, Joseph S. Salama, Juan Sanabria, Milena M.Santric Milicevic, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Benn Sartorius, Maheswar Satpathy, David C. Schwebel, Soraya Seedat, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Masood Ali Shaikh, Nigussie Tadesse Sharew, Ivy Shiue, Jasvinder A. Singh, Mekonnen Sisay, Vegard Skirbekk, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Dan J. Stein, Mark Andrew Stokes, Mu'Awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Mamta Swaroop, Bryan L. Sykes, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Fentaw Tadese, Bach Xuan Tran, Tung Thanh Tran, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Vasily Vlassov, Andrea Werdecker, Pengpeng Ye, Paul Yip, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z. Younis, Zoubida Zaidi, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Simon I. Hay, Stephen S. Lim, Alan D. Lopez, Ali H. Mokdad, Theo Vos, Christopher J.L. Murray

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    252 Citations (SciVal)
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)792-814
    Number of pages23
    JournalJAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
    Volume320
    Issue number8
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished (VoR) - 28 Aug 2018

    Funding

    completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Ms Ayala Quintanilla reports receipt of support to her institution (the Judith Lumley Centre of La Trobe University) from PRONABEC (the national program of scholarship and educational loan) to support current study of her doctoral course. Dr Kieling reports receipt of authorship royalties from Brazilian publishers Artmed and Manole. Dr Larson reports that her research group has a contract with GlaxoSmithKline for a 15-country study on vaccine acceptance during pregnancy and receipt of funds for convening a research symposium from Merck. Mr Matzopoulos reports serving on the board (unpaid) of Gun Free South Africa. Dr Singh reports receipt of consultancy fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, bioiberica, Crealta/Horizon, allergan, fidia, UBM LLC, WebMD, and the American College of Rheumatology; grants to his institution from Takeda and Savient; serving as the principal investigator for a study funded by Horizon Pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA; and serving on the steering committee of OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology). Dr Stein reports receipt of personal fees from Lundbeck, Biocodex, Servier, and SUN outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported. Affiliations of The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Injury Collaborators: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle (Naghavi, Marczak, Kutz, Shackelford, M. Arora, Miller-Petrie, Bennett, L. Dandona, R. Dandona, Dharmaratne, Feigin, Foreman, Fullman, Hawley, James, Khalil, Krohn, Larson, Salama, Hay, Lim, Lopez, Mokdad, Vos, Murray); Higher National School of Veterinary Medicine, Algiers, Algeria (Aichour); Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Akseer, Bhutta); Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Al-Raddadi); School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Alam); Department of Population Health, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Alghnam); Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines (Antonio); Department of Public and Community Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, England (Aremu); School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia (A. Arora); Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia (A. Arora); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Asadi-Lari); International Relations Department, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran (Asadi-Lari); Education Development Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (Assadi); Department of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia (Atey); Center of Health System Research, The National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico (Avila-Burgos); Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India (Awasthi); Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India (Awasthi, L. Dandona, R. Dandona, Kumar); The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Ayala Quintanilla); General Office for Research and Technological Transfer, Peruvian National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru (Ayala Quintanilla); School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (Barker-Collo); Institute of Public Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (Bärnighausen, Mohammed); Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts (Bärnighausen); Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California (Bazargan-Hejazi); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Bazargan-Hejazi); Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorranmabad, Iran (M. Behzadifar); Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorranmabad, Iran (M. Behzadifar); Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (Bhalla); Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Bhutta); School of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bilal); Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico (Borges); Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Borschmann); Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (Borschmann); Institute of Epidemiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia (Brazinova); National Institute of Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico (Campuzano Rincon); Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Valle de Cuernavaca, Cuernavaca, Mexico (Campuzano Rincon); Ucibio, Requimte, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (Carvalho); Colombian National Health Observatory, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia (Castañeda-Orjuela); Epidemiology and Public Health Evaluation Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (Castañeda-Orjuela); Department of Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom (Dargan); Department of Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Dargan); Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, QLD, Australia (De Leo); Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka (Dharmaratne); Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts (Ding); Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam (Phuc Do, Tat Nguyen, Le Nguyen, Thanh Tran); Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana (Doku); Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland (Doku); School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT), Bundoora, VIC, Australia (Doyle); Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (Driscoll); School of Pharmacy, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia (Edessa); Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (El-Khatib); Department of Public Health, Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Endries); Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Esteghamati); Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil (Faro); Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Funding/Support: This study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1152504). Funding for this research was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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