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Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

  • GBD 2019 Human Resources for Health Collaborators
    • University of Washington
    • Harvard University
    • Philippine Institute for Development Studies
    • Ain Shams University
    • University of Ibadan
    • McMaster University
    • Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN
    • Washington University St. Louis
    • Department of Veterans Affairs
    • Murdoch University
    • Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
    • Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica
    • Iran University of Medical Sciences
    • Universidad de la Costa
    • Universidad de Cartagena
    • Ateneo de Manila University
    • Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
    • The Bucharest University of Economic Studies
    • University of the Philippines
    • Hong Kong Polytechnic University
    • University of Health and Allied Sciences
    • Centre for Health Policy Advocacy Innovation & Research in Africa (CHPAIR-Africa)
    • Medical University of Łódź
    • Institute of Polish Mother's Health Center
    • Heidelberg University 
    • Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
    • New York University
    • Augusta University
    • Babol University of Medical Sciences
    • IRCCS Istituto di ricerche farmacologiche Mario Negri - Milano, Bergamo, Ranica
    • University of Catania
    • Manipal Academy of Higher Education
    • Technical University of Berlin
    • University of Waterloo
    • Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital
    • Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
    • Board of Directors
    • Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
    • University of Porto
    • World Bank
    • Texila American University
    • Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences
    • Saveetha University
    • Vietnam National University, Hanoi
    • Public Health Foundation of India
    • Indian Council of Medical Research
    • Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
    • Nepal Health Research Council
    • Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education
    • Institute of Health Economics and Technology
    • University of Southern California
    • Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
    • Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    • Alexandria University
    • Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
    • NAMS - Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology
    • RAS - Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology
    • Abadan University of Medical Sciences
    • Kobe University
    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation
    • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    • Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
    • Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
    • Hokkaido University
    • University of South Carolina
    • BRAC University
    • Arabian Gulf University
    • Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
    • University of Barcelona
    • Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red
    • Maragheh University of Medical Sciences
    • Cairo University
    • University of Oulu
    • University of Oxford
    • University of Texas at Austin
    • Bangladesh Industrial Gases Limited
    • Hamad bin Khalifa University
    • Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
    • Deakin University
    • University of Sydney
    • All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal
    • University of Maryland, Baltimore
    • Utrecht University
    • University of Management and Technology
    • Sheffield Hallam University
    • Ohio University
    • Kristiania University College
    • Tulane University
    • Global Healthcare Consulting
    • Panjab University
    • University of Montreal
    • University of Baghdad
    • Uppsala University
    • Nova Southeastern University
    • University of Malaya
    • Chinese University of Hong Kong
    • Tribhuvan University
    • Imperial College London
    • Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
    • National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
    • University North
    • Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Centre
    • Women's Institute for Social and Health Studies
    • Kyrgyz State Medical Academy
    • National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease
    • King Saud University
    • Ahmadu Bello University
    • South African Medical Research Council
    • Bucharest Emergency Hospital
    • Cardio-Aid
    • University of Embu
    • Duy Tan University
    • University of Toronto
    • University of Nigeria
    • Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
    • Higher School of Economics
    • Nguyen Tat Thanh University
    • Integrated Development Foundation Nepal
    • Amirkabir University of Technology
    • Macquarie University
    • Pohang University of Science and Technology
    • University College London
    • Public Health England
    • Central Queensland University
    • Western Sydney University
    • University of New South Wales
    • Brien Holden Vision Institute
    • Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN)
    • University of Minnesota Twin Cities
    • University of Rwanda
    • Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
    • Marshall University
    • Case Western Reserve University
    • University of Belgrade
    • University of Stellenbosch
    • Manian Medical Centre
    • University of Edinburgh
    • Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
    • James Cook University Queensland
    • Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
    • Universidade de São Paulo
    • Modestum LTD
    • University of Agriculture Faisalabad
    • Argentine Society of Medicine
    • Velez Sarsfield Hospital
    • UKK Institute
    • Tampere University
    • Raffles Hospital
    • National University of Singapore
    • Gates Ventures
    • National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira
    • Juntendo University
    • Jackson State University
    • Tsinghua University
    • Wuhan University
    • Duke University
    • Monash University
    • International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh
    • Dilla University
    • Indian Institute of Public Health

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    317 Citations (SciVal)
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)2129-2154
    Number of pages26
    JournalThe Lancet
    Volume399
    Issue number10341
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished (VoR) - 4 Jun 2022

    Funding

    T W Bärnighausen reports research grants from the European Union (Horizon 2020 and EIT Health), German Research Foundation (DFG), US National Institutes of Health, German Ministry of Education and Research, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Else-Kröner-Fresenius-Foundation, Wellcome Trust, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, KfW, The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and WHO; consulting fees from KfW for consultancy on the OSCAR initiative in Vietnam; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with the NIH-funded study “Healthy Options” (PIs: Smith Fawzi, Kaaya) as Chair, Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB), German National Committee on the “Future of Public Health Research and Education”, Chair of the scientific advisory board to the EDCTP Evaluation, membership of the UNAIDS Evaluation Expert Advisory Committee, National Institutes of Health Study Section Member on Population and Public Health Approaches to HIV/AIDS (PPAH), US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Committee for the “Evaluation of Human Resources for Health in the Republic of Rwanda under the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)”, University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) Population Aging Research Center (PARC) as an external advisory board member; and a leadership or fiduciary role in a board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Global Health Hub Germany (which was initiated by the German Ministry of Health) as co-Chair; all outside the submitted work. B Bikbov reports grants from Lombardy Region, paid to the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from the European Commission; all outside the submitted work. N Fullman reports other funding support from WHO as a consultant from June to September, 2019, and Gates Ventures since 2020, all outside the submitted work. N J Henry reports grants or contracts from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, outside the submitted work. S M S Islam reports grants or contracts from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia via the Emerging Leadership Fellowship, outside the submitted work. K Krishan reports other non-financial support from the UGC Centre of Advanced Study, CAS II, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, outside the submitted work. J L Leasher reports a leadership or fiduciary role in a board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid with Planning Group Member for the National Eye Health Education Program, outside the submitted work. V C F Pepito reports grants or contracts from Sanofi Consumer Healthcare received as payments to his institution to do research on self-care, and from the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation received as payments to his institution to conduct evaluations on PhilHealth; all outside the submitted work. D M Pigott reports grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests. This study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. T W Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. F Carvalho acknowledges support from FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences - UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB; FCT/MCTES (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the project UIDB/50006/2020. A A Fomenkov acknowledges the research carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme No. 121050500047-5). S M S Islam is funded by a NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship. K Krishan acknowledges non-financial support from the UGC Centre of Advanced Study, CAS-II, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, outside the submitted work. D E Ndwandwe acknowledges support from Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council. A M Samy acknowledges support from Ain Shams University and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. A Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. D A S Silva thanks CAPES, Brazil for supporting the Graduate Program of Physical Education at Federal University of Santa Catarina and CNPq, Brazil, for research support. S Ullah acknowledges support from the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. B Unnikrishnan acknowledges support from Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. S B Zaman acknowledges receiving a scholarship from the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) in support of his academic career.

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