Oil palm lignin-derived laser scribed graphene in neutral electrolyte for high-performance microsupercapacitor application

Sathaniswarman Remesh, Mugashini Vasudevan, Veeradasan Perumal*, Mark Ovinis, Saravanan Karuppanan, Thomas Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel Edison, Pandian Bothi Raja, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim, Chun Hong Voon, Natarajan Arumugam, Raju Suresh Kumar

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    8 Citations (SciVal)

    Abstract

    Lignin is a renewable natural resource that could be derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches. It has generated significant interest as a precursor in synthesizing graphene as anode and cathode material for supercapacitors. In this paper, we report the synthesis of 3D hierarchical Laser Scribed Graphene (LSG) on a flexible polyimide substrate from lignin extracted from empty fruit bunches (EFB) of oil palm for microsupercapacitor applications. The intensity and speed of the laser have been tuned to yield densely compacted oil palm lignin LSG at a laser power of 70% and a speed of 30% (OPL-LSG 7030). OPL-LSG 7030 possessed lower equivalent series resistance of 60.1 Ω and a larger crystalline size of ∼31 nm than the rest of the tested samples. It exhibited exceptional areal capacitance of 30.77 mFcm−2 at a current density of 0.08 mAcm−2, an energy density of 0.00176 mWhcm−2 and a power density of 0.25 mWcm−2 when using a unique neutral PAAS/K2SO4 gel electrolyte. It achieved excellent capacitance retention of 88.4% after 5000 charge/discharge cycles and remarkable mechanical stability of 95% after 400 bending cycles. Furthermore, electrochemical studies revealed the redox properties of readily available quinone/ hydroquinone in the oil palm lignin, which could be inherited in graphene electrodes through a feasible and affordable approach for flexible green energy storage applications.
    Original languageEnglish
    Article number110600
    JournalJournal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
    Volume11
    Issue number5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished (VoR) - 1 Oct 2023

    Funding

    The authors would like to thank Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP) and the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) for funding under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) ( FRGS/1/2020/TK0/UTP/03/7 ) to conduct the research. The authors acknowledge the fund from Researchers Supporting Project Number ( RSP2023R143 ), King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The appreciation also goes to all the team members and staffs in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), UTP. The authors would like to thank Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP) and the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) for funding under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) (FRGS/1/2020/TK0/UTP/03/7) to conduct the research. The authors acknowledge the fund from Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R143), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The appreciation also goes to all the team members and staffs in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), UTP.

    FundersFunder number
    COINN
    Department of Mechanical Engineering and Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices
    King Saud University
    Ministry of Higher Education, MalaysiaFRGS/1/2020/TK0/UTP/03/7, RSP2023R143
    Universiti Teknologi Petronas

      Keywords

      • Flexible devices
      • Laser scribed graphene
      • Microsupercapacitors
      • Oil palm lignin

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