Pre-vaccination seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Volta Region, Ghana

Enoch Aninagyei; Reuben Ayivor-Djanie; Jones Gyamfi; Marfo Edward Aboagye; Grace Semabia Kpeli; William Kwabena Ampofo; John Owusu Gyapong; Kwabena Obeng Duedu

doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.007

Pre-vaccination seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Volta Region, Ghana

Enoch Aninagyei, Reuben Ayivor-Djanie, Jones Gyamfi, Marfo Edward Aboagye, Grace Semabia Kpeli, William Kwabena Ampofo, John Owusu Gyapong, Kwabena Obeng Duedu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives Before administration of the first dose of the AstraZeneca 2019 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to selected prioritized groups in the Volta regional capital of Ghana, we determined the pre-vaccination status of prospective recipients and established the baseline exposure status 1 year after the first case was reported. Methods After informed consent, blood samples were collected for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) M/IgG antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits. A total of 409 individuals (mean age 27 years) consented and participated in the study, comprising 70% students and others were health staff and educators who presented themselves for vaccination. Results The overall exposure rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.6-16.3). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were 4.2% (95% CI 2.4-6.6) and 5.6% (95% CI 3.6-8.3), respectively. IgM and IgG were detected in 2.9% (95% CI 1.5-5.1) of the respondents. The exposure rates were higher in participants over 40 years old (15.5%). Participants without a history of COVID-19–like symptoms had an exposure rate of 13.0% and those without any chronic diseases was 13.2%. Conclusion Pre-vaccination exposure was relatively low and underscored the need for vaccination i to increase protection in communities and disease outcomes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	179-182
Number of pages	4
Journal	IJID Regions
Volume	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.007
Publication status	Published (VoR) - Mar 2024

Funding

This study did not receive funding from any source. This study was reviewed and approved by the research ethics committee of the University of Health and Allied sciences with approval number UHAS-REC A.12 [15] 2021. All participants provided written informed consent before participation. For participants below 18 years old, written parental consent and child ascent were obtained. The authors would like to thank all the respondents of the study as well as the management and staff of the University of Health and Allied Sciences and the Ho Teaching Hospital for their cooperation. Furthermore, the authors are grateful to the Ministry of Health and the Ghana Health Service for facilitating the vaccination programs. The authors also acknowledge Hubert K. Agbogli and Priscilla Essandoh of the UHAS COVID-19 Centre for providing some assistance for the laboratory work. EA: study design, investigation, data analysis, writing. RAD: conceptualization, study design, data collection, review and editing. JG: conceptualization, study design, data collection, review and editing. MEA: data collection, investigation. GSK: study design, data collection. WKA: data analysis, review & editing. JOG: conceptualization, study design, review and editing, supervision. KOD: conceptualization, study design, data collection, data analysis, writing, supervision. All data have been reported in the manuscript. Any further information may be requested.

Funders	Funder number
Ministry of Health
University of Health and Allied Sciences

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Vaccination
Exposure
Pandemic

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10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.007

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000079

Cite this

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title = "Pre-vaccination seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Volta Region, Ghana",

abstract = "Objectives Before administration of the first dose of the AstraZeneca 2019 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to selected prioritized groups in the Volta regional capital of Ghana, we determined the pre-vaccination status of prospective recipients and established the baseline exposure status 1 year after the first case was reported. Methods After informed consent, blood samples were collected for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) M/IgG antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits. A total of 409 individuals (mean age 27 years) consented and participated in the study, comprising 70% students and others were health staff and educators who presented themselves for vaccination. Results The overall exposure rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.6-16.3). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were 4.2% (95% CI 2.4-6.6) and 5.6% (95% CI 3.6-8.3), respectively. IgM and IgG were detected in 2.9% (95% CI 1.5-5.1) of the respondents. The exposure rates were higher in participants over 40 years old (15.5%). Participants without a history of COVID-19–like symptoms had an exposure rate of 13.0% and those without any chronic diseases was 13.2%. Conclusion Pre-vaccination exposure was relatively low and underscored the need for vaccination i to increase protection in communities and disease outcomes.",

keywords = "SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Vaccination, Exposure, Pandemic",

author = "Enoch Aninagyei and Reuben Ayivor-Djanie and Jones Gyamfi and Aboagye, {Marfo Edward} and Kpeli, {Grace Semabia} and Ampofo, {William Kwabena} and Gyapong, {John Owusu} and Duedu, {Kwabena Obeng}",

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year = "2024",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.007",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

pages = "179--182",

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AU - Aninagyei, Enoch

AU - Ayivor-Djanie, Reuben

AU - Gyamfi, Jones

AU - Aboagye, Marfo Edward

AU - Kpeli, Grace Semabia

AU - Ampofo, William Kwabena

AU - Gyapong, John Owusu

AU - Duedu, Kwabena Obeng

PY - 2024/3

Y1 - 2024/3

N2 - Objectives Before administration of the first dose of the AstraZeneca 2019 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to selected prioritized groups in the Volta regional capital of Ghana, we determined the pre-vaccination status of prospective recipients and established the baseline exposure status 1 year after the first case was reported. Methods After informed consent, blood samples were collected for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) M/IgG antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits. A total of 409 individuals (mean age 27 years) consented and participated in the study, comprising 70% students and others were health staff and educators who presented themselves for vaccination. Results The overall exposure rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.6-16.3). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were 4.2% (95% CI 2.4-6.6) and 5.6% (95% CI 3.6-8.3), respectively. IgM and IgG were detected in 2.9% (95% CI 1.5-5.1) of the respondents. The exposure rates were higher in participants over 40 years old (15.5%). Participants without a history of COVID-19–like symptoms had an exposure rate of 13.0% and those without any chronic diseases was 13.2%. Conclusion Pre-vaccination exposure was relatively low and underscored the need for vaccination i to increase protection in communities and disease outcomes.

AB - Objectives Before administration of the first dose of the AstraZeneca 2019 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to selected prioritized groups in the Volta regional capital of Ghana, we determined the pre-vaccination status of prospective recipients and established the baseline exposure status 1 year after the first case was reported. Methods After informed consent, blood samples were collected for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) M/IgG antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits. A total of 409 individuals (mean age 27 years) consented and participated in the study, comprising 70% students and others were health staff and educators who presented themselves for vaccination. Results The overall exposure rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.6-16.3). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were 4.2% (95% CI 2.4-6.6) and 5.6% (95% CI 3.6-8.3), respectively. IgM and IgG were detected in 2.9% (95% CI 1.5-5.1) of the respondents. The exposure rates were higher in participants over 40 years old (15.5%). Participants without a history of COVID-19–like symptoms had an exposure rate of 13.0% and those without any chronic diseases was 13.2%. Conclusion Pre-vaccination exposure was relatively low and underscored the need for vaccination i to increase protection in communities and disease outcomes.

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - COVID-19

KW - Vaccination

KW - Exposure

KW - Pandemic

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JF - IJID Regions

ER -

Pre-vaccination seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Volta Region, Ghana

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